**Lesson Plan: Phonics - Sound Patterns ‘or’ and ‘oa’**
**Grade:** Primary 5
**Duration:** 60 minutes
**Objective:**
- Students will be able to recognize, read, and pronounce words containing the sound patterns ‘or’ and ‘oa’.
- Students will be able to differentiate between words containing ‘or’ and ‘oa’.
- Students will use words with ‘or’ and ‘oa’ in sentences.
### Materials:
- Flashcards with ‘or’ and ‘oa’ words (e.g., fork, corn, boat, and loaf)
- Whiteboard and markers
- Worksheets with activities on ‘or’ and ‘oa’ words
- Audio recordings of words and sentences with ‘or’ and ‘oa’ sounds (optional)
- A phonics song or rhyme involving ‘or’ and ‘oa’ sounds (optional)
### Introduction (10 minutes):
1. **Greeting and Warm-up:** Welcome the students to the lesson and briefly review previous phonics lessons.
2. **Introduction to Sound Patterns:**
- Write ‘or’ and ‘oa’ on the board.
- Explain that today they will learn about two different sound patterns that represent different sounds: ‘or’ as in "fork" and ‘oa’ as in "boat."
- Pronounce each sound clearly and ask students to repeat after you.
### Direct Instruction (15 minutes):
3. **Sound Pattern ‘or’:**
- Show flashcards with ‘or’ words (e.g., fork, corn, porch, storm, etc.).
- Pronounce each word slowly, emphasizing the ‘or’ sound.
- Have students repeat each word after you.
- Write a few sentences on the board and read them aloud, pointing out the ‘or’ words (e.g., "The fork is on the table.").
4. **Sound Pattern ‘oa’:**
- Show flashcards with ‘oa’ words (e.g., boat, coat, goat, soap, etc.).
- Pronounce each word slowly, emphasizing the ‘oa’ sound.
- Have students repeat each word after you.
- Write a few sentences on the board and read them aloud, pointing out the ‘oa’ words (e.g., "The goat is on the boat.").
### Guided Practice (15 minutes):
5. **Flashcard Activity:**
- Mix the ‘or’ and ‘oa’ flashcards.
- Hold up each card and ask students to identify whether the word contains ‘or’ or ‘oa’ and then read it aloud.
6. **Worksheet Activity:**
- Distribute worksheets with a list of mixed words.
- Students will categorize the words under 'or' or 'oa'.
- Check the students' work together as a class.
### Independent Practice (10 minutes):
7. **Sentence Writing:**
- Ask students to write three sentences using ‘or’ words and three sentences using ‘oa’ words.
- Encourage them to be creative with their sentences.
8. **Pair Share:**
- Have students pair up and share their sentences with their partner.
### Closing (10 minutes):
9. **Review and Recap:**
- Recap the lesson by reviewing some of the words and sentences the students created.
- Discuss any patterns or interesting observations the students made about the sound patterns.
10. **Phonics Song/Rhyme:**
- Play or recite a fun phonics song or rhyme that includes the ‘or’ and ‘oa’ sounds. Encourage students to sing along if appropriate.
11. **Homework Assignment:**
- Assign students to find five more words containing ‘or’ and five words containing ‘oa’ at home. They can write these words in their notebooks and create one sentence for each word.
**Assessment:**
- Observe students during activities to assess their understanding and correct usage of the ‘or’ and ‘oa’ sound patterns.
- Review their worksheet and sentence writing for accuracy.
**Differentiation:**
- Provide additional support to students who find it difficult to distinguish between 'or' and 'oa'.
- Challenge advanced students by having them write a short story incorporating at least 5 ‘or’ and 5 ‘oa’ words.
**Extensions:**
- Introduce similar vowel patterns in subsequent lessons to build on students' phonics knowledge.
- Engage students in phonics games such as word bingo using ‘or’ and ‘oa’ words.